Dark circles are often caused by a combination of factors, including genetics, aging, and lifestyle choices. Thinning skin under the eyes, which reveals blood vessels and discoloration, is a primary contributor, exacerbated by lack of sleep and sun exposure.

Reducing dark circles involves a multi-pronged approach. Consider using brightening eye creams with ingredients like vitamin C or retinol, getting adequate sleep, and protecting the under-eye area with sunscreen. In some cases, professional treatments like laser therapy or fillers may be beneficial.

While not a direct cause, iron deficiency (anemia) can contribute to the appearance of dark circles. Low iron levels can lead to paler skin, making blood vessels under the eyes more visible. Consulting a doctor for a blood test is recommended if you suspect an iron deficiency.

Dark circles can often be significantly reduced with consistent effort and the right treatments. While some causes, like genetics, are harder to address completely, lifestyle changes and targeted skincare can make a noticeable difference in their appearance over time.